منابع مشابه
Simulating Without Negation
Although negation-free languages are widely used in logic and computer science, relatively little is known about their expressive power. To address this issue we consider kinds of non-symmetric bisimulations called directed simulations, and use these to analyse the expressive power and model theory of negation-free modal and temporal languages. We first use them to obtain preservation, safety a...
متن کاملNegation Without Negation in Probabilistic Logic Programming
Probabilistic logic programs without negation can have cycles (with a preference for false), but cannot represent all conditional distributions. Probabilistic logic programs with negation can represent arbitrary conditional probabilities, but with cycles they create logical inconsistencies. We show how allowing negative noise probabilities allows us to represent arbitrary conditional probabilit...
متن کاملConstructive negation without subsidiary trees
In this paper we propose a new operational semantics, called BCN, which is sound and complete with respect to Clark-Kunen's completion for the unrestricted class of Normal Logic Programs. BCN is based on constructive negation and can be seen as an operational semantics for the class of Normal Constraint Logic Programs (NCLP) over the Herbrand universe. The main features of BCN making it a usefu...
متن کاملSimulating Bagging without Bootstrapping
Bagging is a well-known and widely used ensemble method. It operates by sequentially bootstrapping the data set and invoking a base classifier on these different bootstraps. By learning several models (and combining them), it tends to increase predictive accuracy, while sacrificing efficiency. Due to this it becomes slow for large scale data sets. In this paper we propose a method that simulate...
متن کاملAnswer Set Programming without Unstratified Negation
The paper argues that for answer set programming purposes it is not necessary to use unstratified negation but it is more appropriate to employ a basic language based on simple choice constructs, integrity constraints, and stratified negation. This offers a framework that enables natural problem encodings and smooth extensions, for instance, with constraints and aggregates.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Logic and Computation
سال: 1997
ISSN: 0955-792X,1465-363X
DOI: 10.1093/logcom/7.4.501